tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-27452973470993743792024-03-05T02:19:29.841-08:00Circuits ArenaA Point where you can find Electronic Circuits pdf, Engineering Projects, School Projects, PCB, Circuit Diagram symbols, Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagrams, Mini Projects for ECE, Power Supply Circuitsyaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.comBlogger272125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-33320907892703273672023-08-12T07:16:00.000-07:002023-08-12T09:20:00.963-07:0040 Watt TDA2030 IC Based Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 9pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #111111; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 17pt; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">What is the TDA 2030 IC?</span></h2><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; line-height: 24.4618px;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-28584a1f-7fff-3f18-ca42-ba4e018532a2"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 9pt;"><span style="color: #111111; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The </span>TDA<span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span>2030<span style="font-weight: normal;"> IC is a class-AB amplifier that operates on a wide-range supply voltage, up to 36 V. It has a single or split power supply option, depending on your preference. It also has a short-circuit protection system that limits the dissipated power and prevents damage to the device. Additionally, it has a thermal shutdown feature that activates when the junction temperature exceeds a certain limit.</span></span></p></span></span></h2><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; line-height: 24.4618px;"><b>TDA2030 Circuit Diagram:</b></span></h3>
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Fig. Amplifier Circuit Diagram. </div>
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<p style="text-align: left;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 23.4px; text-align: justify;">A <a href="http://www.circuitsarena.com/2016/04/2000w-class-ab-power-amplifier-circuit.html">power op-amp</a> followed by two output transistors. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 23.4px; text-align: justify;">The audio signal is applied to the non-inverting input of power op-amp IC1 TDA2030 via socket K1 and capacitor C1. The supply current to the IC varies in accordance with the input signal. Consequently, there will be a similarly varying voltage drop across resistors R6, R7, R8, and R9 since these are in the supply lines to the op-amp.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 23.4px; text-align: justify;"> <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Related: <span style="color: #351c75;"><a href="http://www.circuitsarena.com/2016/03/stereo-amplifier-circuit-tda2822m-3v.html">Stereo Amplifier Circuit TDA2822M - 3V Battery Powered</a></span></span></span></p>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal; line-height: 24.4618px;"><u>TDA2030 PCB Layout:</u></span></h3>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZqjiPdjR5OLwpWJ5-KOqa3zuq8yprViM4M7sJvjNSpVUQkS-T9nbtecwL-dzeiRdoUX5Sw4KJ8QVxJVAvVt3vd5rSzNwxOlYwz9GPYE8r0QNKGGIDI2KQI818zz3PW6ytK5KiH3J3CNH8/s1600/40W+Amplifier+PCB-circuitsarena.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZqjiPdjR5OLwpWJ5-KOqa3zuq8yprViM4M7sJvjNSpVUQkS-T9nbtecwL-dzeiRdoUX5Sw4KJ8QVxJVAvVt3vd5rSzNwxOlYwz9GPYE8r0QNKGGIDI2KQI818zz3PW6ytK5KiH3J3CNH8/s320/40W+Amplifier+PCB-circuitsarena.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal; line-height: 24.4618px;"><u>TDA2030 Components:</u></span><br />
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<li><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">R1-R4 - 100 KOhm</span></li>
<li><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">R5 - 8.2 KOhm</span></li>
<li><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">R6 - R9 - 1.4 Ohm, 1%</span></li>
<li><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">R10 - 1 Ohm</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">C1 - 470 nF</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">C2 - 10 uF, 63 V, radial</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">C3 - 4.7uF, 63 V, radial</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">C4,C5,C7 - 220 nF</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">C6 - 2200 uF, 50 V, radial</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">C8 - 100 uF, 50 V, radial</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">D1, D2 - 1N4001</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">T1 - BD712</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">T2 - BD711</span></li><li><span style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">IC1 - TDA2030</span></li></ul>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;">Related: <span style="color: #e69138;"><a href="http://www.circuitsarena.com/2014/12/audio-power-amplifier-circuit-by-ic.html">Audio Power Amplifier Circuit By IC TA7222AP</a></span> </span></p>
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</div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-50da6c53-7fff-7d4d-ca76-80a0ee6ef374" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; text-align: start;"><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14.4444px; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">TDA 2030 IC: A Powerful Audio Amplifier for Your DIY Projects</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 9pt;"><span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">If you are looking for a simple and low-cost way to amplify your audio signals, you might want to consider using the TDA 2030 IC. This is a monolithic integrated circuit that can provide up to 14 W of output power at low distortion levels. It is suitable for various applications such as home audio systems, car radios, portable speakers, and more. In this article, we will explore the features, pinout, datasheet, and equivalents of the TDA 2030 IC, as well as some examples of how to use it in your DIY projects.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 9pt;"><span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; text-align: start;" /></span></div>
yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-33405522294861346242023-08-12T03:27:00.000-07:002023-08-12T08:57:23.043-07:00Potentiometer Diagram - Symbol and Its Working?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Potentiometer Diagram - Symbol and Its Working?</h2>
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Potentiometer:</h3><div><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14.666667px; white-space: pre-wrap;">A potentiometer is a device that can change or measure how much electricity flows in a circuit. It has a long wire with a metal piece that can slide on the wire to make it longer or shorter. The potentiometer can be used to change how much electricity flows, to split the electricity into two parts, or to sense the position of something.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi23H9KERv2UIg-sboP9ZzRjRVUWTVudE-4rjfcQ5Gp88MOIK9Nw5k1WoYh0IHSlhZvkULiYQKOdFNfWyzKdQbalhpBCrmeaAltg_A9ylb7ZHtn6-380D3rqVeMFzIjt4M-hd3NUqzM6vEx/s1600/Potentiometer.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1040" data-original-width="888" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi23H9KERv2UIg-sboP9ZzRjRVUWTVudE-4rjfcQ5Gp88MOIK9Nw5k1WoYh0IHSlhZvkULiYQKOdFNfWyzKdQbalhpBCrmeaAltg_A9ylb7ZHtn6-380D3rqVeMFzIjt4M-hd3NUqzM6vEx/s320/Potentiometer.jpg" width="273" /></a></div>
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The <b>potentiometers</b> or the “<b>pots</b>”, as it is commonly known in the electric circles, is a three terminal variable resistor. Out of its three terminals, two of them are fixed and one is a varying (linear / rotary) terminal.</p>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbt-CBShXduvsm9ONBGBmR25OAqAw4OEXOsATRexI5k84YInyFDP4g9tUtOe5gfkbkMBg1QFTYcCW4kz1-4F-B1Wp12JkYMwnMPw2gRQFXDtsvfw_yJYHuT2ubZpqpQ1YqFVQ3IICrw9vv/s1600/Potentiometer-Symbol.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="214" data-original-width="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbt-CBShXduvsm9ONBGBmR25OAqAw4OEXOsATRexI5k84YInyFDP4g9tUtOe5gfkbkMBg1QFTYcCW4kz1-4F-B1Wp12JkYMwnMPw2gRQFXDtsvfw_yJYHuT2ubZpqpQ1YqFVQ3IICrw9vv/s1600/Potentiometer-Symbol.png" /></a></div>
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<p style="text-align: left;">Resistance, small bundle of resistance, is one of the most commonly used primary components in the electric circuit. The most frequently used to streamline current flow by adding / reducing resistance from the circuit, these resistors are available in many forms and sizes. These resistors can be widely classified as fixed and variable resistors.</p><div><br /></div><div><span id="docs-internal-guid-379cc70e-7fff-8d63-ef3b-a2e5c313e277"><h4 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Some of the common uses of potentiometers are:</span></h4><ul style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.56; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sound control: Potentiometers can change the sound level, quality, and direction in devices that make or play sound, such as speakers, headphones, amplifiers, and mixers. For example, a round potentiometer can be used to turn the knob of a speaker to make it louder or quieter.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.56; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Position sensing: Potentiometers can turn the movement of a stick or a slider into an electric signal that can be used to tell or control something. For example, a joystick uses two potentiometers to tell the horizontal and vertical movements of the stick.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.56; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Calibration: Potentiometers can compare and measure how much electricity comes from different sources with high accuracy and precision. For example, a potentiometer can be used to check an ammeter by matching the electricity loss across a known wire with the electricity loss across the ammeter.</span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.56; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Potentiometers</b> are used in many fields such as electronics, engineering, medicine, woodworking, and robotics. They are simple, useful, and reliable devices that can do many things with little power use.</span></p></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-33001689588827218592023-07-07T11:03:00.000-07:002023-07-08T10:47:46.679-07:00LA4440 Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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LA4440 Audio Amplifier:</h2><div><p style="text-align: left;">The <b>LA4440</b> is an integrated circuit (IC) that is used as a dual audio power amplifier. It is commonly used in audio amplifiers and other electronic devices that require audio amplification. To determine if the LA4440 is working properly, you would need to test it by measuring its output voltage and comparing it to the expected values under different loads and input signals. Additionally, you could also perform a visual inspection of the device for any physical damage or signs of overheating.</p></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW66zXpZzI3ywK_oXREPFW8_njpQLSHdQoLqgJLd0ESlF4hSIjXIDblTqXdmDanDZ4LBiyGhpcUGDm9mAULg6zJZruu3ZpNIgN5gFY4V8Ho6B7-KLrYhyBHGkVuoP_Ada5vgH0UJ2BD6Fr/s1600/la4440-audio-amplifier.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="625" data-original-width="839" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW66zXpZzI3ywK_oXREPFW8_njpQLSHdQoLqgJLd0ESlF4hSIjXIDblTqXdmDanDZ4LBiyGhpcUGDm9mAULg6zJZruu3ZpNIgN5gFY4V8Ho6B7-KLrYhyBHGkVuoP_Ada5vgH0UJ2BD6Fr/s320/la4440-audio-amplifier.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<u><b>LA4440 Audio Amplifier Circuit</b></u></div>
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A simple audio amplifier based on the <b>LA4440 IC</b>. This will take the headphone level output from your computer and amplify it to drive a pair of <b>external</b> speakers. If you are listening to music or movies on <b>laptops</b> and computers, this is a small project that is useful to you. The notebook speakers are never strong enough to offer a satisfactory listening experience. They give users the ability to listen to something, but for anything like music or movie soundtracks, they are very poor. The output of a <b>laptop</b> built into the speakers is too low, and this <b><i>LA4440 Audio Amplifier Circuit</i></b> deals with that low power with some additional amplification.</p><div style="text-align: left;"><div><p style="text-align: left;">If you need to troubleshoot a problem with the <b>LA4440</b>, here are a few steps you can follow:</p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Check the input voltage: Make sure the input voltage to the LA4440 is within the specified range for the device.</li></ol><p></p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Check the load impedance: Ensure that the load impedance connected to the LA4440 is also within the specified range.</li></ol><p></p><ol><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Check the supply voltage: Make sure the supply voltage to the LA4440 is stable and within the specified range. A fluctuating supply voltage can cause problems with the performance of the device.</li></ol><ol><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Check the thermal management: Make sure that the LA4440 is properly cooled and has adequate ventilation to dissipate heat. Overheating can cause permanent damage to the device.</li></ol><ol><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Check the wiring: Check the wiring and connections between the LA4440 and other components in the circuit to ensure that there are no loose connections or short circuits.</li></ol><ol><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Check the input signal: Ensure that the input signal to the LA4440 is within the specified range and is of good quality. A noisy or distorted input signal can cause problems with the performance of the device.</li></ol>These are just a few steps you can follow to troubleshoot a problem with the LA4440. If you are still having trouble, it may be best to consult the datasheet for the device or seek the assistance of a qualified technician.<p></p></div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-16040250149142663342023-07-06T23:17:00.000-07:002023-07-08T10:49:24.319-07:00 DC converter +12V to +/-20V Circuit Diagram <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<u> DC converter +12V to +/-20V Circuit </u></h3>
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DC voltage of the converter circuit 12 in the + / - 20V is capable of supplying up to 100 watts and can supply current up to 3A. In the course of voltage of the converter 12 B + / DC - 20V must be careful and cautious, because there is a part of the DC-DC converter 12 V to + / - 20V as the AC circuit.</div>
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<br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>+12V to +/-20V Circuit Diagram </i></div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-22042150960560412052023-02-06T09:12:00.000-08:002023-02-06T22:31:02.433-08:00How To Make An Electric Extension Board Wiring | Homemade Extension Board 2 Switches & 2 Sockets<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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How To Make An Electric Extension Board Wiring</h2>
<span face=""roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #0d0d0d; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">In this video how to make an</span><b style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Electric Extension Board wiring</b><span face=""roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #0d0d0d; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> with two <b>SPST</b> Switches which means <b>single pole single throw</b> and two 3 Pin Sockets, and for this <b>electrical extension box</b> I used 3-Core cable and its length 3 meters, In this Extension Board mainly used for workbench works like soldering iron for repairing, television and power supply for domestic appliances.</span><br />
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<h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Homemade Extension Board Making Video:</b></h3>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-69203440487646449992023-02-06T00:46:00.000-08:002023-02-06T22:25:04.759-08:00Joule’s Law of Heating - Electrical Laws<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Joule’s Law:</h2><div><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Joule's Law</b> states that the heat generated by an electrical current flowing through a conductor is proportional to the product of the current squared and the resistance of the conductor. Mathematically, it is expressed as Q = I^2 * R, where Q is the heat generated, I is the current, and R is the resistance. This law forms the basis for Ohm's Law, which relates the current, voltage, and resistance in an electrical circuit</p></div>
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Joule’s Law of Heating</h3>
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The heat which is produced due to the flow of current within an electric wire, is expressed in unit of Joules. Now the mathematical representation and explanation of Joule’s law is given in the following manner.</div>
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i.e. H α i²[ When R and t are constant]</div>
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The amount of heat produced is proportional to the electrical resistance of the wire when the current in the wire and the time of current flowing are constant.</div>
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i.e. H α R[ When i and t are constant]</div>
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The heat generated due to the flow of current is proportional to the time of current flowing, when the electrical resistance and the amount of current is constant.</div>
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i.e. H α t[ When R and i are constant]</div>
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When these three conditions are merged, the resulting formula is like this</div>
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i.e. H α i².R.t[ When i,R and t all are variables]</div>
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Here, ‘H’ is the heat generated in Joules, ‘i’ is the current flowing through the conducting wire in ampere and ‘t’ is the time in seconds. There are four variables in the equation. When any three of these are known the other one can be calculated.</div>
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Here, 'J' is a constant, known as Joule's mechanical equivalent of heat. Mechanical equivalent of heat may be defined as the number of work units which, when completely converted into heat, furnishes one unit of heat.</div>
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Obviously the value of J will depend on the choice of units of work and heat.</div>
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It has been found that</div>
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J = 4.2 joules/cal (1 joule = 107 ergs) = 1400 ft. lbs./CHU = 778 ft. lbs/B Th U</div>
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It should be noted that the above values are not very accurate but are good enough for general work.</div>
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Now according to Joule's law I2Rt = work done in joules electrically when I ampere of current are maintained through a resistor of R ohms for t second.</div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-39886791585246044322022-03-17T22:00:00.010-07:002022-03-18T03:21:38.217-07:00Best Soldering Iron Kits to buy on Amazon | Soldering Iron Kits in 2022<p> </p><h1 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 1.7em; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 10px; orphans: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">Soldering Iron</strong></span></h1><div><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div>Like most people, you’ve probably used a <b>soldering</b> <b>iron</b> to fix something around the house. But if you’re like most people, you probably don’t know much about soldering irons. That’s because you don’t really need to know much about soldering irons. As long as they get hot and make a little smoke, you’re good to go.</div><div><br /></div><div>Have you ever wondered how computers and other electronic devices are made? Well, the first step is to solder together the components that will make up the device. The first thing you need to do is get a soldering iron. You can purchase a soldering iron at a hardware store or a hobby shop</div><div><br /></div><div><div style="text-align: left;">As we know all the <strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic;">soldering iron</span></strong> having a heated metal tip and an insulated handle for safety for electric shock. Electric current flowing through the resistive heating element is bypassed and often heated by electricity. Single irons, less commonly used today than in the past, are simply a large piece of copper on the handle, heated over a flame.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><p style="text-align: left;">To choose the best soldering iron kit, you should consider the following factors</p><p style="text-align: left;">1. Depends on Wattage</p><p style="text-align: left;">2. Depends on Temperature Control</p><p style="text-align: left;"><b>Wattage of Soldering Iron:</b></p><p style="text-align: left;">Soldering Irons wattage range usually starts from 15 to 60 wattage depends up on need of work.</p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>For smaller PCB works 15 to 25 wattage soldering irons are used.</li><li>For General soldering works need 40 watt soldering irons.</li><li>For Advanced and complicated works 50 to 60 watts soldering irons are used.</li></ul><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Best Soldering Iron Kits</b></h3><div><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b>Corslet Soldering Iron Kit</b></h4><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjaLoU0Z2v5g8Tl9D_KMW0Yb7LzBCFVkuj7GxdTHf-GU7wVdumB6oC9Qn4Hsh5_znk4wK7gmCAWyuSwx9med79vNPZmNUrWP5AIq1rCg53Utj_k03P0tX0bMXO7BdBY1yXvgjsryxUUS5Es92LCF71yXpLCbWNB79GhDf2zqQmLcs5V4yMSy-u1hMWoAA=s768" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="corset soldering iron kit" border="0" data-original-height="737" data-original-width="768" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjaLoU0Z2v5g8Tl9D_KMW0Yb7LzBCFVkuj7GxdTHf-GU7wVdumB6oC9Qn4Hsh5_znk4wK7gmCAWyuSwx9med79vNPZmNUrWP5AIq1rCg53Utj_k03P0tX0bMXO7BdBY1yXvgjsryxUUS5Es92LCF71yXpLCbWNB79GhDf2zqQmLcs5V4yMSy-u1hMWoAA=w320-h307" title="soldering iron kit" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b>Corslet Soldering Iron Kit</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><br /></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://amzn.to/3ouic6n" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="corset soldering iron amazon buy" border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="200" height="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi1Ueo-RKTD-12nQQuHI1WfcyiNGSqwsxhskQwheZzxtc4zSgAI8f0DqSLVTV2cc2JtnmaLYRQh2S1NTjyaAB_SYKt-Aa7-hrmf972fm5XOTNhYl_pmi6OWPZtz-EZjB56nqg5_QyJw6SuJLnwSz1LHAYCyLgRHeKvt_APR3BQoPfK0mDeOoPS5wT1sVw=w200-h100" width="200" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Corslet</b> <b>soldering</b> <b>iron</b> <b>kit</b> is the <b>Best Soldering Iron </b>and is suitable for beginners and also professionals. It can helps to solder the various applications like electronic PCB, DIY soldering, computer circuit board repair, jewelry works, and industrial soldering.</p></div><div><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Corslet</b> <b>Soldering</b> <b>Iron</b> is equipped with inner-heated ceramic technology which heats up quickly. It also has a heat and impacts on the resistant design of screw thread. So, the iron head will not drop easily. It comes with an adjustable temperature range from 200 degrees Celsius to 450 degrees Celsius, it is soldering iron 60w. you can check the above amazon link for <i>Soldering Iron Price</i></p><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><i><br /></i></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Corslet Soldering Tool Kit with Adjustable Temperature Welding Iron, 5 Tips, Desoldering Pump, 2 Tweezers, Tin Wire Tube, Stand and 6 Aid Tools (SOLDERING IRON KIT), Multicolour, Plastic, Steel</p><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b>Features of Corset Soldering Iron</b></h4><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Working on AC supply</li><li>Working Voltage is 110V</li><li>Power taken 60W</li><li>Adjustable Temperature</li><li>Soldering Stand is Steel</li></ul><h4 style="text-align: left;">Corset Iron Kit Components </h4></div><div style="text-align: left;"><ul>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Adjustable Temperature Soldering Iron (60W)</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Digital Multimeter</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Soldering Iron Stand</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Tweezers</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Diagonal Wire Cutter, Mini Wire Stripper Tool, and Cutter</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Desoldering Pump</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Soldering Iron Tip</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Tin Wire Solder Tube</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span> Mini Screwdriver</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Solder Wick and Soldering Paste</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Red 22 and Black 22 AWG Wire</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Pen Shaped Screwdriver</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Insulating Tape (red, black, and yellow)</li></ul></div><div><b>FADMAN Soldering Iron Kit</b></div></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg7BmInYOVzXG3o7nJR5GgQj69lXZ6xqItwfGWSPqaGjyPvv6ynBkBodBdJv3V9lhx2wFALFMjn3WRjzdssqqX96TTUF9icIXXGVHeweedaqYcVxCeSMveKg2DaPlvKqMS5jDsYg8ezKI8FswPQrvCdifvE795Jk9bFlPlzAZCModVgC8EN17oDo4s2Qg=s768" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="768" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg7BmInYOVzXG3o7nJR5GgQj69lXZ6xqItwfGWSPqaGjyPvv6ynBkBodBdJv3V9lhx2wFALFMjn3WRjzdssqqX96TTUF9icIXXGVHeweedaqYcVxCeSMveKg2DaPlvKqMS5jDsYg8ezKI8FswPQrvCdifvE795Jk9bFlPlzAZCModVgC8EN17oDo4s2Qg=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Fadman Soldering Kit</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://amzn.to/3BTX79P" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="200" height="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhRboFwD4Esj_xRzXT3I4mqojDXgbllcsmn8dJMlMjewdYtegZhipKD-dbc1egL3hantYdRqQpvlpZmHBJnihI-RR98wDQZcub08Sep9yoo90tPFpGUnYq5_-Ru-taWHt0_Ly9q7lMRttPVXGEOWn6-BJOG01HGpK2SyT5o5jZMh29uGtyILO_3SzKgPg" width="200" /></a></div><br /></div><div><p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This is one of the <b>Best Soldering Iron. </b>It is a complete soldering kit with a multimeter from FADMAN. It has all essential tools used for home DIY fixing jobs, soldering projects, circuit board welding, crafts/jewelry making, electrical, electronics, and appliances repairs, you can also check the above link on <b>Fadman Soldering Iron price</b></p></div><div><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b>Features</b></h4>
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<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Working Voltage: 110V</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Power: 25W</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Adjustable Temperature: No</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Item Weight: 325 grams</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Soldering Stand: Steel</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Power Source: AC supply</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Style: Soldering</li>
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<h4 style="text-align: left;"><b>Components Included</b></h4>
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<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Temperature Soldering Iron (25W)</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Digital Multimeter</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Soldering Iron Stand</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Tweezers (Straight ESD-11, Curved ESD-15)</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Diagonal Wire Cutter, Mini Wire Stripper Tool, and Cutter</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Desoldering Pump</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Soldering Iron Tip </li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Tin Wire Solder Tube </li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span> Mini Screwdriver</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Solder Wick and Soldering Paste</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Red 22 and Black 22 AWG Wire</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Pen Shaped Screwdriver</li>
<li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span>Insulating Tape (red, black, and yellow)</li></ul><br /><ul>
</ul></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><br /></div><p></p><p></p></div></span></span></div>yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-59427359625751015402021-12-01T09:32:00.001-08:002021-12-01T09:32:23.693-08:00Free Fire Redeem Code For December 2021 | Free Fire diamond code<p> </p><h2 class="story-description" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #0f0f0f; font-family: Merriweather; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px !important; orphans: 2; padding-top: 15px !important; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><i>Free Fire redeem codes</i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> for December, 2021, it will help users unlock the diamond hack, royale vouchers, and other FF rewards.</span></span></h2><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUOWjue7_rpmYwr_yd8L4sPjnRjMxESStYxh67wuEbpNq8ffUt0WXAai8PmjQZtdt6gcQJ8T6eDFPtw81TECUVhgWA_sJwYqPsUV24fvaNFmVFKJdAb2e3L4WCKmj-Sn6ld378i_ZQOjUN/s400/Free+Fire+Redeem+Code.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="400" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUOWjue7_rpmYwr_yd8L4sPjnRjMxESStYxh67wuEbpNq8ffUt0WXAai8PmjQZtdt6gcQJ8T6eDFPtw81TECUVhgWA_sJwYqPsUV24fvaNFmVFKJdAb2e3L4WCKmj-Sn6ld378i_ZQOjUN/s320/Free+Fire+Redeem+Code.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Garena</b> <b>Free Fire</b> is an adventurous Battle Royale game that was very popular in the absence of <b>Pubg Mobile</b> India. It is fast becoming one of the most popular mobile games in the world and is also highly rated on the Google Play Store. Players can develop their own tactics in the game, such as landing position, obtaining weapons and equipment, and fighting with the enemy. Find out how to redeem free fire redemption codes and how to redeem a redemption code today.</span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Free Fire Redeem Code</b></span></h2><div><span style="font-size: medium;">Garena Free Fire Redemption Codes for December 2021 it will allow customers to unlock Diamond Hack, Royal Vouchers and other rewards. FF redemption codes are valid until December 2021. However, if the maximum number of redemptions is reached, the code may stop working. Use the redeem code today and unlock hard-to-find resources in the game. A user can copy and paste any FF Redeem code from the official Free Fire Redeem Code Redeem website. The player will be logged in with the account used when registering for Free Fire.</span></div><div><h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2;">How to redeem Free Fire redeem codes?</h2></div><div><p style="text-align: left;"></p><ul><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Go to the official Free Fire redeem code redemption website.</li></ul><ul><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Log in using Facebook, Google, Twitter, or Apple IDs.</li></ul><ul><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Copy and paste any of the redeem codes mentioned above into the text box and click on confirm button to continue.</li></ul><ul><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Provide confirmation on the box that opens for cross-checking the request by clicking on OK.</li></ul><ul><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Check the game mail section, which is embedded, for rewards after successfully redeeming the codes.</li></ul><ul><li style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Once the redemption is done, it might take as long as 24 hours for the rewards to show up in a player's in-game mail.</li></ul><p></p><h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2;">Garena Free Fire redeem codes for December 2021</h2><div><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F1QS DFGY 657U > Premium Bundles</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F2QA ZXCV BHNM > Sneaky Clown Weapon Loot Crate</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F2QA SFGY T5GH > Free 299 Diamonds Bundle</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F34R FGBN MKLO > Free Diamonds Voucher</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">FFGY BGFD APQO> Free Fire Diamonds</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F8IK NBVF R55T > Dreki Pet Free Fire Code</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F9IK MNBV CDER > Head Hunting Parachute</li></ul><h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2;">Additional Garena Free Fire Latest Redeem Codes </h2><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F876 T5RE SWQ2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F234 56YH GDFG</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">FBVC SDFG HJKL</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">F987 6TRF DSE4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">FJKL O098 7YTF</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">FXZA Q234 R5TY</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">FE45 T6YU JNBV</li></ul></div></div>yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-22949924811429489422021-05-22T06:46:00.000-07:002021-05-22T06:46:14.879-07:00How to Repair Steam Vaporizer At Home | Steam Vaporizer Not Working Solution At Home<h3 style="text-align: left;"> Steam Vaporizer Repair Solution:</h3><div>All the Steam Vaporizer having common problem is heating issue. There are many types of steam vaporizers and each type has its own unique characteristics. I look for solutions to common problems for all vaporizers, and then provide solutions to individual problems with each type of vaporizer.</div><div><br /></div><div>In this article I will explain how to repair Steam Vaporizer at home, common problems occurs in evaporators power supply cable and electrodes gets corrosion (deposit rust) </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>How to Repair Steam Vaporizer At Home | Steam Vaporizer Not Working Solution At Home</b></h3><div> </div>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="480" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DuxIE1W_TXQ" title="YouTube video player" width="853"></iframe><div><br /></div><div>The above video helps to how to repair steam vaporizer the following steps can be solution for it</div><div><br /></div><div>Steam vaporizer ON but not getting heat in this case we need to clean the electrodes because rust deposit on Vaporizer electrodes, The electrode where galvanic reaction(s) generate electrons - negative ions are discharged and positive ions are formed. Corrosion occurs at the anode. Cathode - The electrode that receives electrons - positive ions are discharged, negative ions are formed. The cathode is protected from corrosion.</div>yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-61930967994338698092020-03-25T07:12:00.002-07:002020-03-28T01:52:49.645-07:00How to Replace Broken iPhone 6 LCD and Touch Screen | iPhone 6 Repair Video<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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iPhone 6 LCD and Touch Screen Replacement | iPhone LCD Broken Display Repair, Digitizer Glass</h2>
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In this video, I will show the complete replacement of the <b>iPhone LCD</b> with step by step <b><i>iPhone 6 LCD</i></b> and Touch Screen Replacement, iPhone LCD Broken Display Repair, How to Replace a Shattered iPhone 6 Screen and also how to change LCD display with touch screen combo. Fix cracked Touch Screen Replacement, Digitizer glass.</div>
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How to Replace Broken iPhone 6 LCD Touch Screen by following Steps:</h3>
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From this video, you can find how to replace the Combo <b>iPhone 6 LCD Display</b> and also how to remove the display with safe hands. as we know may not repair or replace of iPhone LCD display changing it is a difficult one, but who has the proper knowledge in mobile repairing works and they can do this easily by watching this video. </div>
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1. Unscrew the iPhone case found in charging socket</div>
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2. Remove the LCD display by using a suitable kit in a proper manner.</div>
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3. Remove the Display and Touch Strips by unscrewing the motherboard ground plate you can find from below video</div>
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4. After removing the broken iPhone LCD Display and check new display working or not by setting up and press the strips.</div>
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5. Now change the Home button, front camera, mic and sensor with carefully.</div>
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<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="409" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/m3MXVO3u0wk" width="727"></iframe><br />
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Related: How to replace iPhone 6 LCD display, iPhone LCD Repair, iPhone 6 repair video<br />
how to fix iphone 6 screen, iPhone lcd and touch screen repair guide, how to replace iPhone 6 display assembly, DIY iPhone 6 repair guide. iPhone 6 screen repair, fix damaged iphone 6 screen, how to fix iphone 6 screen with lines, iphone 6 cracked screen repair, iPhone 6 LCD and Touch Screen Replacement, iPhone LCD Broken Display Repair, How to Replace a Shattered iPhone 6 Screen broken screen</div>
yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-41175250945983909552020-02-23T10:45:00.000-08:002020-02-23T10:45:11.548-08:00How To Make Homemade DC Fan Using 9 Volts Battery | Hobby Project Making Video<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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DC Fan Using 9 Volts Battery:</h2>
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In this project shows how to make DC Fan Using with 9V Battery, and its suitable for schools projects like Mini Fan concepts on how to rotate fan by utilizing battery power and why does rotate fan these type of questions can be solved from this project subjected to kids. </div>
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Components Required for 9 Volts DC Fan:</h3>
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1. Small DC motor</div>
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2. 9 Volts Battery</div>
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3. Fan</div>
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4. ON and Off Switch<br />
5. Battery Connector</div>
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<span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">How To Make Homemade DC Fan Using 9V Battery Making Video:</span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="409" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H67nlvCISQ8" width="727"></iframe></div>
yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-47659884989453310132019-04-17T23:30:00.000-07:002019-04-17T23:30:41.330-07:00220V TO 12V DC CONVERTER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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AC to DC Converter Circuit</h3>
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In this Article explains how to convert 220/230v AC to 12v, 220v AC to 12v DC circuit Diagram, 220v ac to 5 v dc, 230v ac to 5 v dc regulated power supply circuit, 5v DC converter circuit diagram, ac to dc converter, ac to dc supply circuit, ac to dc voltage regulator circuit, Bridge Rectifier circuit Diagram, circuit diagram of regulated power supply, how to convert ac to dc, how to make 220v ac to 12v dc, how to regulate voltage Regulated dc power supply, Regulated DC Power supply circuit, regulated voltage circuit diagram, voltage regulator using 7805, voltage regulator using 7812.</div>
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Transformer-based linear converter which uses a simple diode bridge, capacitor, voltage regulator. Simple Diode Bridge can be constructed either with single semiconductor device like DB107 or with 4 independent diodes like 1N4007. The other type of converter is SMPS or Switch mode power supply which uses a high-frequency small transformer and a switching regulator to provide DC output.</div>
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<h3>
220v to 12v dc converter circuit diagram</h3>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyobcrKrFbRz_N-W35jpvngi8fdc_8tqYyTbJlvLSvQP4xMDLeH_xY5TVZ5Jdtw2srEh1wS2J-oX0K2q8Zl7mnhZWiaXTT_UKE1ZpJk2VF9qtfa_0y_KpPT9JwFdkD2qrttgSsPimJzPn8/s1600/AC-to-DC-Converter.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="310" data-original-width="1102" height="90" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyobcrKrFbRz_N-W35jpvngi8fdc_8tqYyTbJlvLSvQP4xMDLeH_xY5TVZ5Jdtw2srEh1wS2J-oX0K2q8Zl7mnhZWiaXTT_UKE1ZpJk2VF9qtfa_0y_KpPT9JwFdkD2qrttgSsPimJzPn8/s320/AC-to-DC-Converter.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3>
220v to 12v dc converter circuit diagram</h3>
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220v to 12v dc converter circuit diagram here four general purpose rectifier diode 1N4007 is used to rectify the AC input. 1N4007 has a peak repetitive reverse voltage of 1000V with an average rectified forward current of 1A. These four diodes are used to convert the 13V AC output across the transformer. The diodes are used to make a bridge converter which is an essential part of the AC to DC conversion circuit.</div>
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<h3>
AC to DC Converter Circuit Working:</h3>
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A step-down transformer is used to convert the high voltage AC to the low voltage AC. The transformer is PCB mounted and it is a 1-ampere 13-volt transformer. However, during the load, the transformer voltage drops approximately 12.5-12.7 volt.</div>
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<h3>
AC to DC Converter Circuit Required Components:</h3>
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<ul>
<li>Transformer with 1A 13V Rating</li>
<li>2.4 pcs 1N4007 Diodes</li>
<li>3.A 1000uF Electrolytic capacitor with the 25V rating.</li>
<li>4.Few single strand wires</li>
<li>5.Breadboard</li>
<li>6.LDO or a Linear Voltage Regulator as per specification (Here LM2940 used).</li>
</ul>
<h3>
AC-DC Converter Circuit Limitations:</h3>
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<div>
<ul>
<li>Any situations where the input AC voltage has possibilities to fluctuate or if the AC voltage drops significantly, the output AC voltage across the transformer also gets dropped. So a 230V AC to 12V DC converter cannot be powered in 110V AC line. To address this issue, an additional setting is provided for different input voltage levels.</li>
<li>Despite not having a universal input voltage range, it is a costly choice, as the transformer itself costs more than 60% of the total manufacturing cost of the converter circuit.</li>
<li>Another limitation is low conversion efficiency. The transformer gets heat up and the waste of unnecessary energy.</li>
<li>The Transformer is heavy stuff which unnecessarily increases the weight of the product.</li>
<li>Due to the transformer, the bigger space is required inside the product to fit the converter circuit or at least the transformer.</li>
</ul>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-5743260515323505612019-03-16T08:54:00.000-07:002019-03-16T08:54:43.033-07:00Types of Diodes and Their Uses<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">Introduction of </span><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">Diode</span></span></h2>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">A diode is a two-terminal electrical device, that allows the transfer of current in only one direction.</span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">The diode is also known for their unidirectional current property, where the electric current is permitted to flow in one direction. </span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">Basically, a diode is used for rectifying waveforms, within radio detectors or within </span>power supplies<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">. </span></li>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">They can also be used in various electrical and electronic circuits where ‘one-way’ result of the diode is required. </span></li>
</ul>
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</div>
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<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">Most of the diodes are made from semiconductors like Si (silicon), but sometimes, Ge (germanium) is also used. It is sometimes beneficial to summarize the </span>different types of diodes are existing<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">. </span></li>
</ul>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">Some of the types may overlap, but the various definitions may benefit to narrow the field down and offer an overview of the different diode types.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">Types of Diodes</span></h3>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">There are different types of diodes are available for use in electronics design, namely; a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif;">PIN diode, PN Junction, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif;">Zener diode,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif;">Backward diode, BARITT diode, Gunn Diode, Laser diode, Light emitting diodes, Photodiode, Schottky diodes, Step recovery diode, Tunnel diode, Varactor diode.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;"><b>Light Emitting Diode (LED):</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;"><b>LED</b> stands for light emitting diode, is one of the most standard types of the diode. When the diode is connected in forwarding bias, then the current flows through the junction and generates the light. There are also many new LED developments are changing they are LEDs and <b>OLED</b>s.Please refer the below link for: LED Light Sources</span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6iwAtkDwGGRGL1Qb5Uh0rI6amJtiRF5MJoVPwUgY1Jo0hNnERVp1PPOs7jx6FAIMhV8Lgk0k4525CPNTJjMchTQbG91McI1I6RsSjNsom0ikn3kvwXbz4CdvOKsvAyVFMbDkCym0Zf5io/s1600/types+of+Diodes.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="244" data-original-width="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6iwAtkDwGGRGL1Qb5Uh0rI6amJtiRF5MJoVPwUgY1Jo0hNnERVp1PPOs7jx6FAIMhV8Lgk0k4525CPNTJjMchTQbG91McI1I6RsSjNsom0ikn3kvwXbz4CdvOKsvAyVFMbDkCym0Zf5io/s1600/types+of+Diodes.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Light Emitting Diode</td></tr>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">PN Junction Diode:</span></h3>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">The standard <b>PN junction</b> may be thought of as the normal or standard type of diode in use today. These diodes can come as small signal types for use in RF (radio frequency), or other low current applications which may be called as signal diodes. Other types may be planned for high voltage and high current applications and are normally named rectifier diodes.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDz5v-FSK-eLroS52fpfXOr51r3Kx4FHOvIv51s-qnP8GLuLUlCYuE_BtVNRkfkK_tskdJEyYP4wng025dogdkwmVoxn7ZZFZLHjJ52tNiBb5qjEMHa_X5dldLfousrUBp7fdA1onPwuRL/s1600/pn+junction+diode.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="500" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDz5v-FSK-eLroS52fpfXOr51r3Kx4FHOvIv51s-qnP8GLuLUlCYuE_BtVNRkfkK_tskdJEyYP4wng025dogdkwmVoxn7ZZFZLHjJ52tNiBb5qjEMHa_X5dldLfousrUBp7fdA1onPwuRL/s320/pn+junction+diode.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">PN Junction Diode</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">Schottky Diode:</span></h3>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">The Schottky diode has a lower forward voltage drop than ordinary Si PN-junction diodes. At low currents, the voltage drop may be between 0.15 & 0.4 volts as opposed to 0.6 volts for a Si diode.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">To attain this performance they are designed in a different way to compare with normal diodes having a metal to semiconductor contact. These diodes are extensively used in rectifier application, clamping diodes, and also in RF applications.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6hjrGfSipZT4skYgGdPuKyRHnjqyJnbOqqGohKmoTINXL-DP6v3Xqem4a7mksJ27D7GfidyKW2rH5cfhnb6lHWq2F7Qrtq9dbRr8BHJCE2CMNOcECwOkmk41FrpiBa_b3X88y-3P9W5hk/s1600/Schottky-Diodes+uses.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="268" data-original-width="429" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6hjrGfSipZT4skYgGdPuKyRHnjqyJnbOqqGohKmoTINXL-DP6v3Xqem4a7mksJ27D7GfidyKW2rH5cfhnb6lHWq2F7Qrtq9dbRr8BHJCE2CMNOcECwOkmk41FrpiBa_b3X88y-3P9W5hk/s320/Schottky-Diodes+uses.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Schottky Diode</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">Step Recovery Diode:</span></h3>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">A step recovery diode is a type of microwave diode used to generate pulses at very HF (high frequencies). These diodes depend on the diode which has a very fast turn-off characteristic for their operation.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLPkFHyWlnYRErsZYVtgx_-W144owdyzYiSaZ6uI1gSj3zDIJHRy_OK7_tjDMt9EJkWSFUQ3xS5lvqtMwCaA7jGCEDsMv-5M0rzwqeh-SGd7VKjJl-q6h0BwX-pi_5W8svPWAfaWposd0G/s1600/Step-Recovery-Diode+uses.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="219" data-original-width="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLPkFHyWlnYRErsZYVtgx_-W144owdyzYiSaZ6uI1gSj3zDIJHRy_OK7_tjDMt9EJkWSFUQ3xS5lvqtMwCaA7jGCEDsMv-5M0rzwqeh-SGd7VKjJl-q6h0BwX-pi_5W8svPWAfaWposd0G/s1600/Step-Recovery-Diode+uses.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Step Recovery Diode</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">Zener Diode:</span></h3>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">The Zener diode is used to provide a stable reference voltage. As a result, it is used in vast amounts. It works under reverse bias condition and found that when a particular voltage is reached it breaks down.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;">If the flow of current is limited by a resistor, it activates a stable voltage to be generated. This type of diode is widely used to offer a reference voltage in power supplies.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9W0c1g8VxzBTbYZOP0Frqd2QkD9hGT0itFoJx5QiiPQwpCoMDWtKg-wncY40JHBWukbA4fjAQNQ4VEQxmPVVm0kOEk4XcevjwscAjQX-hqzJzUeGMRSgOODWgyfdrdoAgU-u31ZosFH1b/s1600/Zener-Diode+uses.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="197" data-original-width="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9W0c1g8VxzBTbYZOP0Frqd2QkD9hGT0itFoJx5QiiPQwpCoMDWtKg-wncY40JHBWukbA4fjAQNQ4VEQxmPVVm0kOEk4XcevjwscAjQX-hqzJzUeGMRSgOODWgyfdrdoAgU-u31ZosFH1b/s1600/Zener-Diode+uses.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Zener Diode</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;"><h3 style="text-align: left;">
BARITT Diode:</h3>
<div>
The short term of this diode Barrier Injection Transit Time diode is BARITT diode. It is applicable in microwave applications and allows many comparisons to the more widely used IMPATT diode. Please refer the below link for <b>BARRITT Diode</b></div>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Photodiode:</h3>
<div>
The photodiode is used to detect light. It is found that when light strikes a PN-junction it can create electrons and holes. </div>
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<div>
Typically, photodiodes operate under reverse bias condition where even a small amount of flow of current resulting from the light can be simply noticed. These diodes can also be used to produce electricity.</div>
</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCrKQNgHYwQ4MuXzcp9zm-k2-2I_N-SrlR2OxE2LAo1fPDJESyu3ffU8f-GrLN1sXLDh-n638UFlOMI5AqljNfPvGU5pqt-M5iVCUWJxQXEyeIDPOyPY2RnPaj-Dn207uLwX9CyXc_-6CZ/s1600/photodiode.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="327" data-original-width="444" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCrKQNgHYwQ4MuXzcp9zm-k2-2I_N-SrlR2OxE2LAo1fPDJESyu3ffU8f-GrLN1sXLDh-n638UFlOMI5AqljNfPvGU5pqt-M5iVCUWJxQXEyeIDPOyPY2RnPaj-Dn207uLwX9CyXc_-6CZ/s320/photodiode.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h4 style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
Photodiode</h4>
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</tbody></table>
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</div>
yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-79660988393958187212019-03-16T07:49:00.000-07:002019-03-16T07:58:18.804-07:00Types of Semiconductor Devices<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">
<span class="ez-toc-section" id="What_is_a_Semiconductor" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Semiconductor Devices:</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>Semiconductors</b> became a crucial element in the manufacturing of electronics industries. Since the invention of the Transistor, the world of electronics has always been on an exponential curve in terms of research, development, manufacturing, bringing up new devices and technologies.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">1. </span></span><b style="font-family: Raleway, sans-serif;">Semiconductors </b><span style="font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif;">are the </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">high-speed transmission, acquisition and processing in fields of industries and manufacturing, communications, arts, medicine and even in warfare.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">2. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Even though an <b>electronic</b> system is manufactured with the help of metals, insulators and semiconductors, the semiconductors are considered the backbone of electronics.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">3. A</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">ll these can be dialled back to the heart of modern electronics and its manufacturing: Semiconductor Devices.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">4. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><b>Semiconductors</b> are materials that are neither conductors nor insulators. Expanding a little bit more on this, materials are classified into Conductors.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">5. Both </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Insulators and Semiconductors based on their ability to conduct electricity.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">6. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Usually, metals have good electrical conductivity and you can find Copper or Aluminium in your home’s electrical wiring.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">7. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><b>Conductors</b> are materials with very good current carrying capacity.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">8. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><b>Insulators</b> are materials with very bad electrical conductivity. Glass, wood and paper are good examples of Insulators.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">9. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">At room temperature, Semiconductors are materials with lower electrical conductivity than Conductors but with higher electrical conductivity than Insulators.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">10. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Semiconductor devices are a type of electronic components that designed, developed and manufactured based on the Semiconductor materials like Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs).</span></div>
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<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">
<span class="ez-toc-section" id="Different_Types_of_Semiconductor_Devices" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Different Types of Semiconductor Devices</span></h3>
</div>
<div>
<span class="ez-toc-section" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Based on the physical structure of the device, the following list is categorized into Two-terminal Devices and Three-terminal Devices. </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The following is a small list of some of the commonly used semiconductor devices are</span></div>
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<h4 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">
<span class="ez-toc-section" id="Two-terminal_Semiconductor_Devices" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><u>Two-terminal Semiconductor Devices:</u></span></h4>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Schottky Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Light Emitting Diode (LED)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">DIAC</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Zener Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Photo Diode (Photo Transistor)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">PIN Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Laser Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Tunnel Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Photo Cell</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Solar Cell</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Gunn Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">IMPATT Diode</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">TVS Diode (Transient Voltage Suppression Diode)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">VCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)</span></li>
</ul>
<h4 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">
<span class="ez-toc-section" id="Three-terminal_Semiconductor_Devices" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><u>Three-terminal Semiconductor Devices:</u></span></h4>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Bipolar Transistor</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Field Effect Transistor</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Darlington Transistor</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">TRIAC</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Thyristor</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Unijunction Transistor</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">
<span class="ez-toc-section" id="Applications_of_Semiconductor_Devices" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><u>Uses of Semiconductor Devices</u></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 26px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;">As mentioned earlier, semiconductor devices are the basis of almost all electronic devices. Some of the applications of semiconductor devices are:</span></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Transistors are the main components in various integrated circuits like Microprocessors.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">In fact, they are the main components in the construction of logic gates and other digital circuits.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "raleway" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Transistors are also used in analogue circuits like amplifiers and oscillators.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-15610456542381869542019-02-03T00:27:00.000-08:002019-02-03T01:31:13.321-08:00DIGISOL 150Mbps WIRELESS USB ADAPTER Unboxing Video || DIGISOL 150Mbps DG-WN3150Nu WIRELESS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
DIGISOL 150Mbps WIRELESS USB ADAPTER | DIGISOL 150Mbps DG-WN3150Nu WIRELESS</h2>
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<b>Wireless Type</b><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 802.11.b, 802.11.g, 802.11.n<br />
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Key Features</h3>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Wireless Speed up to 150Mbps</li>
<li>Complies with IEEE 802.11b/g/n standards</li>
<li>Supports Robust WLAN security (WEP, WPA, WPA2) with WPS</li>
<li>In-built Soft Access Point</li>
<li>Supports USB2.0 interface</li>
<li>Supports Internal Antenna (1T1R)</li>
<li>Link/Activity LED</li>
<li>Micro Size Design</li>
</ul>
<b><span style="color: blue;"><a href="http://wifi.digisol.com/datasheets/DG-WN3150Nu.pdf" target="_blank">DIGISOL 150Mbps WIRELESS USB ADAPTER Data Sheet PDF</a></span></b><br />
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</div>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="480" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/hq_sGsYFwDk" width="853"></iframe><br />
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<span style="color: blue;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IS_U2TGWjmwRRQr6iG2ERMVvUXcEZx-t/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Download DIGISOL 150Mbps DG-WN3150Nu WIRELESS Drivers</a></span></div>
</div>
yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-10773560067240858942019-01-19T00:48:00.000-08:002019-01-19T02:15:38.264-08:005.1Ch Dolby DTS Optical Preamplifier Board Testing | BASSOON 5.1 Pre Amplifier Connections <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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5.1Ch Dolby DTS Optical Preamplifier Board Testing</h2>
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In this video shows <b>5.1Ch Dolby DTS</b> Optical Preamp Board Testing, how to connect BASSOON 5.1 Pre Amplifier, 5.1 Home Theater Kit; Home Theater Pre Amplifier board; 5.1 Remote Kit; 5.1 Home Theater Board; Pre Amplifier Board.</div>
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<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="410" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/vAUBxmDocn0" width="729"></iframe><br />
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5.1Ch Dolby DTS Optical Preamplifier</h3>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-66193440665406962132019-01-07T05:44:00.001-08:002019-01-19T00:05:24.043-08:00How to Make AC to DC (12V-0-12V) Regulated Dual Power Supply Circuit using Transformer<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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AC to DC (12V-0-12V) Regulated Dual Power Supply Circuit</h2>
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In this AC to DC (12V-0-12V) Regulated Dual <a href="https://www.circuitsarena.com/2017/02/dc-converter-12v-to-20v-circuit-diagram.html" target="_blank">Power Supply</a> Circuit primarily 220V AC is converted into 12V AC by using step-down (220V/12-0-12V) transformer.</div>
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Secondly, the output of this transformer is given to the rectifier circuit, which will convert the AC supply into DC supply. The output of the rectifier circuit that is 12V DC contains the ripples in the output voltage. To filter out these ripples, capacitor of 2200 MF, 25V is used.</div>
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Finally, the output of the capacitor that is pure DC is given to voltage regulator <a href="https://www.circuitsarena.com/2014/11/dc-12-volts-power-supply-circuit.html" target="_blank">IC 7812</a> and IC7912 which will regulate the output voltage at 12V and -12V DC, despite the change in input voltage.</div>
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How to Make AC to DC (12V-0-12V) Regulated Dual Power Supply Circuit using Transformer making Video given below</h3>
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<b><u>12v dual power supply circuit diagram</u></b><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Material Required for </span><span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Regulated Dual Power Supply Circuit</span></span>:</h3>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">1.Transformer: 230/12-0-12, 2A</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">2. PCB</span></div>
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3. Diodes 1N4008 - 4 No.s</div>
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4. Capacitors 2200Mf, 25V - 2 No.s</div>
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5. Regulator IC's - 2 No.s (IC 7812, 7912)</div>
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Tags: ac to dc converter, how to make 12v dc power supply, ac to dc converter formula, 12v power supply circuit without transformer, ac to dc converter how it works, how to make a 12v power supply adapter, ac to dc converter 12v, examples of power supply, step down transformer 230v to 12v, dual power supply from single source, 230v to 12v converter circuit</div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-59120943740604890392019-01-06T00:06:00.001-08:002020-01-09T23:03:57.047-08:005.1 Channel Dolby DTS Optical Coaxial Amplifier Making with Video<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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5.1 Channel Dolby DTS Optical Coaxial Amplifier Making</h2>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">In this Project how to make <b>5.1 Channel Dolby DTS Optical Coaxial Amplifier</b> Making video gives some idea about home theatre who have knowledge in electronics.</span><br />
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<b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.circuitsarena.com/2015/10/200w-power-amplifier-circuit-schematic.html" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;" target="_blank">DTS audio system</a></span><span style="color: #6a6a6a; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">must have a </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">DTS decoder</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> and optical/coaxial digital decoder for decoding this surround for the </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">5.1-channel power amplifier</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">.</span></b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Components for </span><span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">5.1 Channel Amplifier:</span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">1. Cabinet</span></div>
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2. Transformer (30-0-30V), (12-0-12V)</div>
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<span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">3. </span></span><span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">5.1 Channel Dolby DTS Optical Coaxial Pre-Amp Board.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">4. </span><span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">5.1 Channel Power Amplifier Board.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">5. Bluetooth Board for FM, USB & Wireless Audio input</span></div>
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<span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div>
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<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="410" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CtEalYhHASs" width="729"></iframe><b><u> 5.1 Channel Dolby DTS Optical Coaxial Amplifier Making</u></b></div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-43539401911187743742018-12-28T07:52:00.000-08:002018-12-28T07:52:53.333-08:00Cell Phone Detector Circuit Using LM358 Block Diagram Working and Applications<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Cell Phone Detector Circuit Using LM358</h2>
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This <b>Cell Phone Detector</b> which can sense about 4 to 5 meters of distance from activated mobile devices. So this <b>cell phone detector circuits </b>can be used, where examination halls or mobile phone prohibited areas.</div>
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<b>Cell Phone Detector circuit</b> easily detects or identify even when the mobile phone in silent mode, incoming and outgoing calls, SMS, using the Internet and Video transmission. <b>Cell Phone Detector</b> LED starts blinking and continues to blink up to the signal stops when it detects an RF signal from an activated Cell phone.</div>
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Cell Phone Detector Circuit Working:</h3>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYz4WQUevipYg3orL3bRi0kofe2k8iz14uglHhn605FCVdmBJrgHVegmAkJRBu96XraeoeJ7m9WXcyaU2at3139eTwvPr3HPeJsAlz5KwrLO_Av9ZH6uodITmYLGQuj0h_833qHFQ1p_bN/s1600/cell+phone+detector.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="cell phone detector circuit" border="0" data-original-height="518" data-original-width="800" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYz4WQUevipYg3orL3bRi0kofe2k8iz14uglHhn605FCVdmBJrgHVegmAkJRBu96XraeoeJ7m9WXcyaU2at3139eTwvPr3HPeJsAlz5KwrLO_Av9ZH6uodITmYLGQuj0h_833qHFQ1p_bN/s320/cell+phone+detector.jpg" title="cell phone detector" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-size: 17px;">Cell phone detector using LM358 circuit is shown above figure. which is constructed around LM358 IC and NPN transistor BC548. When a cell phone is active (ON) which radiates the RF signal that passes from space and that signal contains electromagnetic RF radiation from the cell phone.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-size: 17px;">Capacitor C1 is used in the circuit to detect the RF signal from the mobile phone. When the cell phone radiates energy in the form of RF signal, capacitor C1 absorbs RF signal and passes on to the inputs of IC1. Which is indicated by the flashing of LED1. In this circuit Preset VR1 (2.2M) is used to vary the range of the circuit. Transistor T1 is used to amplify the signal obtained at pin 1 of IC1.</span></div>
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<br style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-size: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-size: 17px;">The <b>cell phone detector circuit</b> is applicable for 2G networks, GPRS and network search. It does not detect 3G, WCDMA and HSDPA network signals so well.</span></div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-77707301075547307602018-08-27T08:59:00.001-07:002019-01-10T10:46:14.245-08:00FM RADIO TRANSMITTER BUG CIRCUIT DIAGRAM<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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FM RADIOTransmitter Bug Circuit Diagram</h2>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPmdA4lmAm5JELZG6XIV8LurOsGFXf5sJv8qeiHnJwFmiJY-oHRdByOD3bTs792PjAM97s_ABmC4yQwcNosRi895GWf6G6V16nQkjA2IP5n2f_cozBEg8AN02gi1tPgZnjIrQ74WDqeS4L/s1600/FM-Transmitter-Bug-Circuit-Diagram-300x156.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="FM RADIO TRANSMITTER BUG CIRCUIT DIAGRAM" border="0" data-original-height="156" data-original-width="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPmdA4lmAm5JELZG6XIV8LurOsGFXf5sJv8qeiHnJwFmiJY-oHRdByOD3bTs792PjAM97s_ABmC4yQwcNosRi895GWf6G6V16nQkjA2IP5n2f_cozBEg8AN02gi1tPgZnjIrQ74WDqeS4L/s1600/FM-Transmitter-Bug-Circuit-Diagram-300x156.gif" title="FM RADIO TRANSMITTER BUG CIRCUIT DIAGRAM" /></a></div>
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<b>FM Transmitter Block Diagram</b></div>
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<a class="seoquake-params-link" href="http://www.bug-transmitter.com/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.bug-transmitter.com/&ved=2ahUKEwis1ffBuqTfAhXXbCsKHYkmDFkQFjAOegQIChAB" rel="148b9497 x_url" style="background-color: white; color: #660099; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"></a><br />
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Spy Bug FM Transmitters, big FM, spy microphone, FM </i></h3>
<i style="font-size: 18px;">Transmitter circuit</i></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "roboto" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><b>FM RADIO TRANSMITTER BUG CIRCUIT</b> uses a Hartley type oscillator. Normally the capacitor in the tank circuit would connect at the base of the transistor, but at VHF the base-emitter capacitance of the transistor acts as a short circuit, so in effect, it still is. The coil is four turns of 18swg wire wound around a quarter inch former. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "roboto" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The aerial tap is about one and a half turns from the supply end. Audio sensitivity is very good when used with an ECM type microphone insert. <b>FM Transmitter Bug</b> using with BC548 Transistors.</span></div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-12466961284840708992018-08-26T03:38:00.000-07:002018-12-16T09:03:45.916-08:00SURGE PROTECTION CIRCUIT FOR POWER SUPPLY BY IC 555<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Surge Protection Circuit for Power Supply</h2>
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<strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">The surge Protection circuit</strong> is simple with timer IC and it can give an effective solution for protecting your valuable and sensitive electric/electronic systems. Surge typically occurs when power returns after a power-cut (blackout) and connected equipment receives a surge of electricity at an over-voltage level, which can be very damaging.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAAgVxeg_6s3jjLWxSR1mIETNc08Nsu-yyaRzkIIKskseKjquuKmbNCxtvHDutpoH1Paf1Thyb4rdsNH_Sgnn7v2RJLZkKB3CoXzmh4d-jPt3P6yzk0YI9L7ExaZXcwxIXMy7rkLIvNZoc/s1600/surge-protection-circuit.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="136" data-original-width="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAAgVxeg_6s3jjLWxSR1mIETNc08Nsu-yyaRzkIIKskseKjquuKmbNCxtvHDutpoH1Paf1Thyb4rdsNH_Sgnn7v2RJLZkKB3CoXzmh4d-jPt3P6yzk0YI9L7ExaZXcwxIXMy7rkLIvNZoc/s1600/surge-protection-circuit.png" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "roboto" , sans-serif;">SURGE PROTECTION CIRCUIT</span></div>
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Usually, power-back surges are created by the utility, when it restores supply at an above normal voltage level in order to compensate for the demand as connected equipment restarts at the same time. The author took this little circuit personally to protect numerous lab equipment.</div>
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The <strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">Surge Protection circuit</strong> is designed to be constructed in a small module structure with an onboard electromagnetic relay as the primary switching device. The design is centered around (again) the famed 555 timers, wired as a bi-polar latch switch with its two comparator inputs tied together and biased at 1/2 Vcc through a resistive-potential divider. Since the threshold comparator will trip at 2/3 Vcc and the trigger comparator will trip at 1/3 Vcc, the bias provided by the resistors are centered within the comparators trip limits. The module does need a source of external power for operation, and so a “clean” 5v dc supply is preferred here as the power supply for the entire circuit.</div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-90941416149014282802018-08-26T00:41:00.001-07:002020-03-25T07:36:12.229-07:00MAKE YOUR OWN ELECTRIC EXTENSION BOARD<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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EXTENSION BOX WIRING AT HOME</h1>
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<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">
Presented here is an instructable to <strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">Make Your Own Electric Extension Board. </strong>In this video step by step instructable, I will show you wiring in the Extension Board. Create an extension box in your home which is cheap but very good for Digital Set Top <em style="box-sizing: inherit;">Box</em> to the audio system, computer to any other device running on electronic <em style="box-sizing: inherit;">power.</em></div>
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Material Required for Electric Extension Board</h3>
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<li>Plastick Switch Board</li>
<li> 3-Pin Socket</li>
<li>2-pin Socket</li>
<li>3-Core Cable</li>
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<span style="font-family: "roboto" , sans-serif;">Tags: </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">how to make electric switch board</span><br />
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-43742459385945125802018-05-04T11:22:00.000-07:002019-01-09T00:09:30.505-08:00Lenz's Law of Electromagnetic Induction<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Lenz's Law</h3>
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<b>Lenz's law</b> is based on Faraday's law of induction, so before understanding Lenz's law; one should know what is Faraday’s law of induction? When a changing magnetic field is linked with a coil, an emf is induced in it.<br />
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This change in the magnetic field may be caused by changing the magnetic field strength by moving a magnet towards or away from the coil, or moving the coil into or out of the magnetic field as desired. Or in simple words, we can say that the magnitude of the emf induced in the circuit is proportional to the rate of change of flux.</div>
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Lenz's Law</h4>
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<b>Lenz's law</b> states that when an emf is generated by a change in magnetic flux according to Faraday's Law, the polarity of the induced emf is such, that it produces a current that's magnetic field opposes the change which produces it.</div>
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The negative sign used in Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction indicates that the induced emf ( ε ) and the change in magnetic flux (δΦB) have opposite signs.</div>
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Where,</div>
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ε = Induced emf</div>
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δΦB = change in magnetic flux</div>
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N = No of turns in the coil</div>
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Reason for Opposing, Cause of Induced Current in Lenz's Law?</div>
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As stated above, <b>Lenz's law</b> obeys the law of conservation of energy and if the direction of the magnetic field that creates the current and the magnetic field of the current in a conductor is in the same direction, then these two magnetic fields would add up and produce the current of twice the magnitude and this would, in turn, create more magnetic field, which will cause more current and this process continuing on and on leads to violation of the law of conservation of energy.</div>
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If the induced current creates a magnetic field which is equal and opposite to the direction of the magnetic field that creates it, then only it can resist the change in the magnetic field in the area, which is in accordance to Newton's third law of motion.</div>
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-70880722986978078942018-05-04T11:11:00.001-07:002018-05-04T11:14:57.886-07:00Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic Induction<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic Induction</h3>
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Faraday's Laws</h4>
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Faraday's First Law</h4>
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Any change in the magnetic field of a coil of wire will cause an emf to be induced in the coil. This emf induced is called induced emf and if the conductor circuit is closed, the current will also circulate through the circuit and this current is called induced current.<br />
Method to change magnetic field:<br />
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<li>By moving a magnet towards or away from the coil</li>
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<li>By moving the coil into or out of the magnetic field.</li>
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<li>By changing the area of a coil placed in the magnetic field</li>
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<li>By rotating the coil relative to the magnet.</li>
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Faraday's Second Law</h4>
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It states that the magnitude of emf induced in the coil is equal to the rate of change of flux that linkages with the coil. The flux linkage of the coil is the product of number of turns in the coil and flux associated with the coil.<br />
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yaswanthhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06309041272507338072noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2745297347099374379.post-43992543059957092092018-05-01T09:30:00.003-07:002018-12-17T23:15:14.059-08:00Limitation of Ohm's Law, Equation Formula and Statement of Ohm's Law<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Limitation of Ohm's Law</h3>
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Statement of Ohm's Law</h4>
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Whenever we apply a potential difference i.e. the voltage across a resistor of a closed electric circuit, current starts flowing through it. The statement of Ohm's law says that the current (I) is directly proportional to the applied voltage (V), provided temperature and all other factors remain constant. Mathematically,</div>
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Where R is constant of proportionality.</div>
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This equation presents the statement of Ohm's law. Here, we measure current in Ampere (or amps), the voltage in the unit of the volt.</div>
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The constant of proportionality R is the property of the conductor, we know it as resistance and measure it in ohm (Ω). Theoretically, the resistance has no dependence on the applied voltage, or on the flow of current. The value of R changes only if the conditions (like temperature, diameter and length etc.) of the resistor are changed by any means.</div>
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Limitation of Ohm's Law</h3>
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<b>The limitations of Ohm's law are explained as follows:</b></div>
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This law cannot be applied to unilateral networks.<br />
A unilateral network has unilateral elements like the diode, transistors, etc., which do not have the same voltage-current relation for both directions of current.<br />
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Ohm's law is also not applicable to non – linear elements.</div>
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